Posts Tagged 'side effects'

Search Sites: Stupid!

DoodleDue to the utter primitiveness of some major internet search sites, I’ve been forced to change some content at StayOnTop.

Amy Winehouse In Pills    The problem was, two pages here (The Pills and Antidepressants With Sex Effects) each had extensive lists of a few hundred brand names of popular antidepressant medications. All those names were given so you could easily look up the specific category (MAOI, SSRI, TCA etc.) of your own antidepressant, and the major known side effects of that category.

    Modern internet search pretends to be ever more refined: they try to make personal profiles of the people who search, so they can adjust the search results to what they think are your personal needs and interests. This is fine (as long as you’re not concerned too much about privacy).

    But when it comes to profiling the actual content they’re listing in their search result pages, they still do a very poor job. Sure, Google has begun trying to filter out “content farms”: websites that have only copied content, and that exist solely for the purpose of showing ads. But on the whole, the search sites still don’t have a clue about what it actually is they are listing as the results for a search.

    It looks like instead of making some kind of actual content analysis, they still rely on simply counting word frequencies to determine what websites are about. This is a kind of Stone Age approach, dating from 1992 or thereabouts, and one that doesn’t really work anymore today.

Dumb Guess

    The result? Probably because of the high frequency of all kinds of medication brand names in the two above-mentioned pages, some search sites (their scanning software, that is) concluded that StayOnTop must be one of those many dubious web shops selling fake medication to a gullible public. They downgraded my site accordingly, so it became harder to find for people searching actual medication info.

    The search whizz kids completely missed the fact that this site is something very different, that those pages of mine were not selling anything at all, and that actually I was warning explicitly and urgently against the dangers of getting medication from dubious sources.

    So because “modern” web search is still this primitive, and because I like new visitors to find this site, I was forced to remove all those brand names. Those two medication pages still do exist here, but their value has been diminished because they will no longer list all the actual brand names. Effectively, the dumbness of web search algorithms forces bloggers like me to remove useful content!

    As a temporary measure, I have saved the original two webpages (the ones that included all those neatly sorted antidepressant brand names) in two PDF files that are less likely to set search software on a false track. So you can still use the full versions, only now you’ll need to download these PDF files:

 
The Pills (PDF file with all antidepressant brand names included)
 
Antidepressants With Sex Effects (PDF file with all brand names included)
 

Vonda ShepardI surely hope that in ten years from now, we’ll no longer see this kind of silly glitches. For now, I hold my breath: let’s hope that our wonderfully smart search sites will not jump to the conclusion that StayOnTop is some kind of porn site because this post included the word “sex” more than once

    Let’s top off all this with some fitting search-song. What about Vonda Shepard? To some, she’s best known for her appearance years ago in the Ally McBeal TV show, but she’s really a great singer. For her last album, do take a look at her website.

Click the Play button below to hear her sing Searching My Soul, with the lines:

I’ve been searching my soul tonight
I know there’s so much more to life
now I know I can shine a light
to find my way back home


(if the player does not work, install Flash)


Caring for an ECT Patient

DoodleSomeone wanted to know what people can do to care for a family member who is getting ECT treatment (electroconvulsive therapy, electroshocks). Here is a list of things that I think may be important.

    I hope you understand that this post is meant to be purely practical. It has nothing to do with the ongoing discussion about ECT. It is not meant to criticize, and certainly not to defend the use of ECT. For views on ECT, please see my “Shocking” posts series: (1) Waking Up, (2) Into the Void, (3) On Wheels and (4) Blast Past.

Before Deciding

Discuss ItECT will be proposed only if a patient is extremely depressed, and after all other options (therapies, medication) have failed. Unfortunately this often also means that the patient is already in such a bad state, that she may have trouble to make an objective, well-considered decision for or against accepting ECT treatment. She may react in a confused, too-impulsive or too-passive way instead of weighing arguments rationally.

    So the first thing you’ll have to do, is to actively help her making the best decision. ECT may work in some cases, but it can also have serious side effects. Some psychiatrists tend to have a blind spot for the importance of side effects such as temporary or even persistent memory loss. Therefore, some things to do:

 Be well-informed. Collect reliable background information not just from internet and psychiatrists, but if possible also arrange a few talks to get first-hand info from one or two fellow-patients who’ve already had ECT treatment in the same institution.
    Of course it’s best to do this together with the patient herself, if she’s up to it. If not, then summarize what you think is the most important info and share this with her, so she’ll be prepared in the best possible way to make her own decision.

 Insist on being present at all informative and/or preparatory discussions psychiatrists will have with the patient, so that whenever you notice she’s not quite capable of representing her own fears, hopes, wishes or interests, you will be able to participate (and if necessary, intervene) on her behalf.
    Psychiatrists will not always like this, but you should insist. After all, she’s your family; you lived together with her through her preceding years of depression; in many respects you know her better than the psychiatrist does.

 When the psychiatrist says he sees ECT as the best or even the only option, let him clearly explain why. And even if people label the situation as “urgent”, it’s always better to make the good decision after a few weeks’ delay, than the wrong decision in a hurry or panic.
    The very best thing you can do before going through, is (if you can afford it) to go with the patient herself and a full copy of her medical file to another hospital first, and ask a different psychiatrist for a second opinion. An ECT decision really is important enough to take that trouble.

 Finally, do not just make sure that the patient has been free enough to make her own decision. Once she has decided to opt for ECT, make sure this is a convinced decision, not one that still leaves her much in doubt. Serious doubt can lead to panic reversals later on.
    So if you notice the patient keeps fretting about her decision, it’s better to arrange yet another talk with the psychiatrist to relieve her from those lingering doubts.

Before Actual ECT Treatment

What can you do in the days immediately before your family member gets an ECT treatment? This depends from whether she needs to go to the hospital for her ECT only (in which case she can arrive the evening or morning before, and leave the evening or the day after) or if the ECT will be given during a longer hospital stay. Obviously, in the latter case you can and need to do less. I’ll try to cover all.

 The most self-evident thing to do is of course reducing fear and nervousness. Especially before the very first ECT treatment, it is natural for the patient to be afraid of the unknown. So clearly, the best you can in do the last two days before ECT treatment, is to stay with her, distract her a little, reassure her, and if necessary try to calm her down.
    After a few ECT treatments she’ll know what to expect, and probably be not too afraid anymore.

 If the patient is also using medication (antidepressants or otherwise) make sure that in the days before ECT, she adheres strictly to the prescribed doses and does not use extra medication (such as tranquilizers) without the ECT people knowing about it.

Bun Because ECT requires full anesthesia plus muscle relaxants every time, it is important that in the day before ECT the patient keeps to the eating-and-drinking restrictions as explained by the therapists.
    A fairly usual restriction is not to eat anything during 12 hours preceding the ECT treatment. Personally I would go a little further, just to be sure, and avoid giving the patient heavy meals during the 24 hours before treatment.

 The hospital will have told you what things to bring along – items like nightwear. A practical addition I want to add here: if for seeing clearly the patient is dependent from her glasses, put her spare glasses in the overnight bag.
    Putting on her glasses can sometimes help a patient to regain clarity in the somewhat dizzy hours right after ECT. I recommend bringing spare ones because occasionally, at that point it can be difficult to find back the original ones right away.

 We can assume psychiatrists and nurses will have done their home work properly, and will follow the rules for checking both the medical history and the patient herself.
    Still, it won’t do harm to double-check in advance if they are indeed fully informed. You might warn the therapists explicitly to watch out for some things that can cause complications when overlooked:
    (1) a brain lesion, recent concussion, respiratory problem, heart condition;
    (2) loose or metal objects such as hearing aids, contact lenses, piercings.
Maybe I should explain here that one of my own 110 ECT treatments actually had to be aborted because of an acute heart complication. The next times they gave me ECT with a lower voltage; but I do think in my case it would have been safer if that lower voltage had been used right from the beginning.

 Normally the patient needs to be present in the hospital several hours before the actual ECT preparation begins. If possible bring her yourself and stay with her for a little while.
    But do not argue with nurses or others when they tell you it’s time for you to leave. It’s better if your presence does not get in the way of medical routines (like a check-up). Your leaving in a casual way will support the patient’s feeling that she’s now in capable hands.

 The whole procedure (waiting, observations, checking, preparations, ECT, and post-ECT recovery) will take at least several hours. Often, the timing will be such that the patient needs to stay over at the hospital the night before. So if you live near enough to the hospital, just go home yourself. There’s nothing more you can do.

After ECT

Out Of Bed Again!After ECT, the patient will need several hours to recover. Awakening from the anesthesia will happen within about an hour, but regaining full clarity – and physical stability – can in my own experience take much longer.
    Especially in the first three hours or so, the patient may have a nasty headache or the numb feeling of having a brick in her head; she can also have neck or back or muscle pains as result of the convulsions induced by the ECT. In those first hours, nurses will regularly check in to keep tabs on her condition and recovery.
    Within two hours, she’ll be at least drinking a cup of tea again; after seven to ten hours, she may be well enough to go home.

 Don’t go back to the hospital to see the patient before the prearranged time; this is pointless. She needs the time to recover quietly, gradually, without being dragged out of bed or into conversations too soon. Stick to the time you agreed to beforehand with the hospital people, or wait for a phone call.

 This one is important: do not let the patient go home by herself after an ECT treatment. If you cannot fetch her from the hospital, have someone else do it or charter a taxi.
    Occasional waves of dizziness or unbalance may keep returning for one or two days after ECT; during that time the patient should absolutely not drive a car herself, and even walking through busy streets can be dangerous.
    I remember how once I had no option but to use public transport to get home after an ECT treatment. I took a bus to the station and waited on the platform. Seeing a train coming in, I took a few steps forward, but I still was so unstable that I lost my balance and nearly fell in front of the arriving train. No doubt, had I fallen there, people would have labeled it “suicide”…
    You understand, I really can not recommend this. I urge you, do try to organize the trips back home in a safer way.

Headache Back at home, make sure the patient gets a healthy mix of rest and stimulating activities. Just what we always need: so in fact, you need to do nothing special.
    During the first week a few ECT patients may get slight headaches from loud music or watching TV. Others may complain about feeling some kind of numb dullness. With some patience, this kind of thing will gradually go away.
    As far as I know, there are no objections against taking a few aspirins. Of course, letting someone take huge amounts of pain killers is never wise: so again, nothing special.
    In short, I think the best care you can give to someone after ECT is to help her return to normal habits, to normal life within a few days.

 In the rare cases where in the weeks after an ECT treatment a serious, acute physical problem will not go away (such as recurring severe headaches) or if you think something is really wrong or abnormal, then do not hesitate to call the hospital for advice.

 There is one final thing where you as a family member can play an important role: helping both the patient and her psychiatrist to evaluate the effectiveness of the ECT treatment. As a family member you are most close to the patient. So you are in an excellent position to observe – in a more intense way than the psychiatrist, and in a more objective way than the patient herself – if this ECT really works. Can you see it does make a positive difference?
    You also are in the best position to notice long-term ECT side effects. If you discover that the patient cannot really remember that wonderful vacation you took together on the Bahamas two years ago, then there is some cause for alarm.
    Your contribution as observer is especially important in the case of an ongoing series of ECT treatments over a prolonged period. Suppose that after several months of ECT you feel the patient’s depressed mood and behavior have hardly changed, that basically her depression is just as serious as before. Suppose that the patient herself, when you ask her, keeps mumbling something like “I don’t really know”.
    In that case it’s time to organize a new meeting with the psychiatrist, and to reconsider the whole thing. Then you can help the patient to do what we must do with any kind of therapy: weighing the costs against the benefits.

I hope this post, dull as it is, will be useful to some of us. If you think I forgot to note something important here, let me know.


 

Medication List

Just want you to know I’ve reworked and extended my recent list of antidepressants and their potential side effects. This general list is now a permanent page, The Pills. You can find it in the main menu, in this site’s top bar.

    Most important is that this new Pills page now has a much more systematic overview of something I feel is very essential: my Six Basic Medication Tips. If you are thinking about using some kind of antidepressant, please take a look:

CLICK HERE TO GET TO THE FULL MEDICATION LIST.

Amy Winehouse in Pills

BTW, another new item in the main menu is the Music page. The audio player on this one will run a nonstop playlist of all “depression songs” that were featured in some of the previous posts: so if you’re in for some depressing sounds…

    No, there is no Amy Winehouse yet. But I am sure I will at some point get to one of her songs.
Henk

Antidepressants With Sex Effects

Doodle Mood Meter

In my first post about love, sex, and depression I promised among other things a list of popular antidepressants and their side effects: especially those medications that as a side effect might disrupt your sex life – possibly worsening your depression instead of alleviating it.

Hand In HandSo this time, instead of a funny or contemplative post, here is a long list of antidepressants and just about all their known potential side effects. If out of need or curiosity you want to skim through it, then please do read my Introduction first. This is important.

Introduction:

    This list is not intended as some kind of medical advice. Medical advice is something you should get from your psychiatrist, in a discussion together with her and your life partner (if you have one). Your psychiatrist ought to know about your specific problems and needs, and what medication might be considered in your case. She knows her trade, and she knows you. I don’t. Right?

    So this list here is only meant to help you bringing up possible side effects (and perhaps searching for some medication alternatives) in that discussion you are going to have together with your partner and your doctor or psychiatrist. I hope this is clear.

Locked Love    And this list is certainly not meant to suggest you should just quit using any kind of medication, without first consulting the doctor or psychiatrist who prescribed them. You know as well as I do, that such an impulsive step might be outright dangerous. I’ve always warned here against such irresponsible gambles.

    What exactly is meant here with “sexual side effects”? Let’s for once be explicit about that, too. Generally speaking, some often-used antidepressants can cause some of the following sex-related effects:

     decreased or absent libido;
     impotence or vaginal dryness;
     difficulty getting aroused;
     weak or absent orgasm;
     physically complete but not fully felt orgasm;
     premature ejaculation;
     weakened penile, vaginal or clitoral sensitivity;
     decreased or no response to sexual stimuli;
     reduced semen production;
     persistently erected penis or clitoris.

    Now don’t panic! First of all, many antidepressants do not have sexual side effects listed at all (see the lower part of my list). Secondly, do not forget we are talking just about potential side effects here: many users of medication with listed side effects will not experience them. “Potential” indicates only that in some cases, for some particular users, some side effects may occur. While you might want to consider that possibility, it would be very wrong to assume beforehand that such effects actually will happen to you if you start using that medication.

    A good psychiatrist will try to prescribe that specific medication that she thinks you, in your state and your situation, do need most urgently. She may have very good reasons to prescribe that specific medication for you. If there are side effects listed, then clearly she thinks that your not taking that medication would have much worse overall effects, than your taking the risk of some of its side effects. This is something you can ask her to explain. You can ask her (and your own partner) to help you weighing the pros and cons. Of course you can also ask if there isn’t some alternative medication with the same main result but with different or less potential side effects.

Prozac Washer    My list has a somewhat wider range of medication than a strict definition of “antidepressants” would allow. I wanted to include most of what often is prescribed in cases of depression, so you will also find things that belong – for example – at the activating or tranquillizing ends of the spectrum. This is not strange because there are many kinds of depression, and sometimes a psychiatrist will advise a combination of different medications to cover your specific condition as a whole.

    For most medication categories I give many examples of brand names, but in that respect the list cannot be complete. New names appear all the time (there must be some creative computer somewhere, churning them out on command). Also, identical pills often get different brand names in different parts of the world. Most of the brand name examples here are American, with European ones coming second. If your specific brand of antidepressant is not listed, you will have to find out yourself to what category it belongs.

    Finally, we all are unique personalities: your own experiences may be different. I know this from my fifteen-year-stretch of using various antidepressants. My own experience with Nortrilen (a TCA, Tricyclic Antidepressant) does accord with what the list suggests: after I stopped using it, I got the feeling of suddenly getting back a part of my life again – regaining sexual feelings that before had been drowned in a kind of numb indifference. But I have had exactly the same experience after I stopped using Priadel (in the Lithium category). Apparently, Lithium had a similar dulling effect on me too, even though long-term sexual problems are not formally listed as a side effect for the Lithium category. So be not surprised if your individual experiences will not quite fit into the general picture.

Would you rather skip the long and dull list below? Click here to jump right to my Bottom Line.

Antidepressants with potential sexual effects:

UPDATE: The many specific brand names I listed for each of the categories below, caused search engines to wrongly (and stupidly) classify StayOnTop as a dubious commercial pill-pushing site! So regrettably I had to remove all those name lists from this page.

To get the page version that does include all those brand names,
download this PDF file.

Generic category: MAOI, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors.
These affect your serotonin/norepinephrine levels.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: bladder problems, diarrhea, dizziness, dry mouth, headache, increased heart rate, insomnia, low blood pressure, muscle aches, nausea, nervousness, sexual problems, sleepiness, vomiting, weight gain.

Generic category: NDRI, Norepinephrine-Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors.
These affect your dopamine/norepinephrine levels.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: appetite loss, anxiety, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, insomnia, nausea, palpitations, restlessness, sexual problems, stomach pain, sweating, weight loss.
     Note: Potential side effects may vary here, depending from the active chemical component. For example, the buproprion-based ones are less likely to have sexual side effects than the methylphenidate-based ones.

Generic category: SNRI, Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors.
These affect your serotonin/norepinephrine levels.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: appetite gain or loss, bladder problems, blurred vision, constipation, dilated pupils, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, fatigue, fever/chills, glaucoma, headache, insomnia, lightheadedness, nausea, sexual problems, tremors, vomiting, weight loss.

Generic category: SSRI, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors.
These affect your serotonin level.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: dizziness, feeling jittery, headache, insomnia, nausea, sexual problems.

Generic category: TCA, Tricyclic Antidepressants.
These affect your serotonin/norepinephrine levels.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: bladder problems, blurred vision, confusion, constipation, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, fatigue, increased heart rate, sexual problems, tremors, weight gain.

Generic category: TeCA, Tetracyclic Antidepressants.
These affect mainly your norepinephrine level.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: appetite gain, agitation, dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue, headache, increased heart rate, sexual problems, skin problems, sleepiness, sweating, weight gain.

Antidepressants with sexual effects not listed:

Generic category: AAP, Atypical Antipsychotics.
These affect your dopamine level.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: blurred vision, involuntary body movements, muscle spasms, restlessness, weight gain.

Generic category: BZD, Benzodiazepines.
These affect your gamma-aminobutyric acids.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, lack of coordination, lightheadedness, memory problems, unsteadiness.

Generic category: Lithium Ion, Li+ element-based salts.
How exactly these work is as yet still not satisfactorily figured out, but their effectiveness as an antidepressant is undisputed, especially with bipolar depression.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: dehydration, dry mouth, gout, kidney problems, skin problems, thirst, weight gain.

Generic category: NDDI, Norepinephrine-Dopamine Disinhibitors.
These affect your dopamine/norepinephrine levels.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: almost none, as far as I know. Please correct me if necessary.

Generic category: SARI, Serotonin Antagonist and Reuptake Inhibitors.
These affect your serotonin level.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: appetite gain or loss, blurred vision, coordination problems, confusion, constipation, diarrhea, drowsiness, dry mouth, fatigue, headache, increased heart rate, memory problems, muscle pain, nausea, nervousness, skin problems, stomach pain, sweating, swellings, tremor, vomiting, weight gain or loss.
    Note: While sexual problems are usually not listed for this category, some of these (such as Trazodone) are said to increase male potency. However, this is sometimes also interpreted as “persistent painful erection”.

Generic category: SSRE, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Enhancers.
These affect your serotonin level.
     Brand names: To get a version of this page that includes all popular brand names here, download this PDF file.
     Potential side effects: constipation, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, insomnia, lightheadedness, sweating.

To make this list more complete, here is also a different and less “formal” category of antidepressants:
Natural Herbs and Vegetal Derivates.
How these work varies, and is generally not very clear, but some of them may affect your serotinin level. Most seem better suited for cases of mild depression than for chronic or serious depression. For a few of them, such as Chocolate, the antidepressant effect is assumed by some people while disputed by others.
    Examples: 5-HTP (from Griffonia), Angelica, Camphor, Cannabis (from Marijuana), Cat’s Claw, Chocolate (from Cacao), Clary Sage, Coffee, Damiana, Dwarf Morning-Glory, Geranium, Golden Root (also known as Roseroot or Aaron’s Rod), Gingko Biloba, Ginseng, Jasmine, Kava, Lady’s Slipper, Melissa, Nicotine (from Tobacco), Passion Flower, Saffron, SAM-e (a natural amino acid derivate), Snake Root, St John’s Wort, Turmeric, Valerian, Yellow Gentian (also known as Bitterwort).
    Potential physical side effects vary wildly, so it is impossible to list them all here. For the most commonly used antidepressant herb, St John’s Wort, the associated potential side effects are: confusion, dizziness, sedation, skin problems, tiredness.
     As for sexual problems, some of these (Damiana, Ginseng) are reputed to have stimulating effects.
    Note: A few of these “informal” antidepressants may influence the effects of some “formal” antidepressants. So on your own initiative combining a herbal antidepressant with one prescribed by your psychiatrist, may not always be wise.

Loving

Bottom Line:

    As already said, if your sexual life matters to you – and it should – then consider having an open and honest talk about this with your psychiatrist, together with your life partner. On the whole I think we can trust psychiatrists to make sensible medication choices, and to explain them to you. But the final decision should of course be your own.

    Based on my personal experience, I would like to add that psychiatrists may have two blind spots: (1) sometimes, they tend to prescribe something just out of professional habit or routine, without taking enough time to consider a few alternatives. And (2) sometimes, while concentrating on your most urgent problems, they tend to underestimate the huge importance of a healthy, functional sexual relationship. This can lead them to view something as just “a side effect” while in reality, for you, in a situation where you are already depressed, this sexual “side effect” can amount to a devastating effect.

    So my bottom line would be: when your psychiatrist finds it necessary to prescribe an antidepressant, always ask her to present you with two or three different alternatives. Then, carefully – and together with your partner – weigh the pros and cons of each alternative. And of course, if after some weeks or months you get the feeling that your new medication is ruining your sex life, do not just quit taking those pills: instead, go back to your psychiatrist to find a better solution.

For some more information about antidepressants,
go to The Pills page.


 tip: see bottom line above. But maybe I should also repeat an advice I gave here already a few times before: never buy antidepressants from some dubious online store, or without a proper prescription.


 


▼ Search Me ...

Today In History:

Klaus MannMay 21, 1949 –
Exiled German novelist Klaus Mann (42) kills himself with an overdose of sleeping pills.
   When trying to explain his suicide, most biographers tend to mention his homosexuality (which was not socially acceptable at the time) or his inability to overcome a heroin addiction.
   Mann was a very productive writer. Today he is best remembered for his sixth novel, Mephisto (1936), about an ambitious actor getting morally corrupted by the Nazi regime. In 1981, István Svabó made an absolutely wonderful movie based on this book.
   Suicide had already been a theme in Mann's 1937 novella Vergittertes Fenster, about the Bavarian “mad king” Ludwig II who in 1886 had killed himself.

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