Posts Tagged 'self-labeling'

Should I Kill Myself? An Experiment

Doodle

Should I kill myself? Or not? That (since Shakespeare) is the question. At least for many of us, at those moments when we are very very very depressed.

    Today I did an experiment (don’t take it too seriously, please). As you know there are several websites that pretend they can help when you need to make a choice: they say they can help people to make a difficult and complex decision. Any decision.

    A decision-making website may be helpful, for example, if you are an office manager pondering whether you should sack a certain person, or leave her in place, or promote her. What you do is you enter all the pros and cons for each decision, and the website software will do its math and then present you with the result. A kind of recommendation.

    So I decided to go to a proper decision-making site and have it process my Shakespearian question: should I choose life or death? Just because I was curious (and I have no employees to sack, nothing but this one important question).

Life Or Death?

To get my Life Or Death Verdict, I went to the Odesys website. They began by telling me: “Decision making is hard. We know. Why not let our system guide you through the process step by step until you have reached a decision?”

    Below are a few screenshots. They illustrate how the Odesys software guided me through the decision making process. First, they asked me: “What would you like to decide?” just to create a caption. So I entered my question: Shall I kill myself or go on with life?

Screenshot 1

Next, Odesys asked me to list all the different decision alternatives I was contemplating. In my case, this was not difficult: just the two alternatives that were already contained in my initial question. Either (1) kill myself or (2) go on with life.

    Had I wanted to, I could have made things less black-and-white by entering more nuanced alternatives, like “go on with life in a psychiatric institution” besides “go on with life at my own home”. But I decided to focus on my two basic alternatives:

Screenshot 2

Then I was asked to list all the factors that might play a role in reaching a decision, in choosing between the different alternatives. After entering these factors, I should order the list by importance, the most important factor first.

    I could have entered all kinds of things there, a large list. To keep things simple, I entered a somewhat arbitrary shortlist of five factors that I thought would reasonably cover the essentials. Sorted by importance:
    (1) intensity of my depression;
    (2) expectations for the future;
    (3) physical health;
    (4) relationships with other people; and
    (5) dependency on antidepressants.
This is where I filled them in, in what I hoped was indeed the correct order of importance:

Screenshot 3

Next, for each one of my five factors I had to fiddle with sliders to indicate how this specific factor related to my two decision alternatives.

    As example, here are the sliders for relationships with other people. I happen to be lucky enough to have a few friends. Because having relationships will not make me kill myself, I pulled the slider for that decision to “bad”. On the other hand my having relationships would support a decision to cling to life, so for that decision the slider went towards “good”:

Screenshot 4

Well, like a child in front of a gambling machine I waited while the Odesys machine rattled and pling-plonged, weighing my factors to spew out the result. Poinggg! Clonk. There it was. With “kill myself” lined in green, and “go on with life” in red:

Screenshot 5

Well, if you look at the green score lines, the result is clear. Odesys advises me to kill myself. The green “kill myself” option scored a winning 100 points, while the red “go on with life” option got stuck at 78.

Conclusion

Have you finished laughing at me and my stupidity? Don’t worry, this was just a fun exercise, I don’t take this serious at all.

    The outcome of a pseudo-exact exercise like this has of course no real value. You know how it is with online questionnaires, depression tests and the like: usually what comes out of them, is what you yourself did feed into them in the first place. The result is manipulable, the weighing algorithms are arbitrary or unclear, the processed data are nearly always incomplete, and chance answers can greatly change the result.

    In this case, if when sorting factors by importance I had just switched two of them (put intensity of my depression on place 4 instead of 1, and relationships with other people on place 1 instead of 4) then the option “go on with life” would have emerged as the winner.

DiceForChange    Anyway, my thanks to you for reading through all this dry stuff to here. And my thanks to Odesys for their trouble in trying to help people who cannot decide. Oh, and of course I do realize that Odesys was not designed with suicide decisions in mind. Still, maybe distributing free gambling dice sets would also be a good decision-making idea? At least for some of us?

    But this was no completely useless exercise, because it offers one basic conclusion. The conclusion that maybe the current idea of decision-making is based on an incomplete view.

    For it looks like the Odesys people think that every decision can be made into a systematically guided rational process. But all our decisions, not just those of depressed people contemplating suicide, but just as well the decisions of the manager considering the firing of an office clerk, are partly based on a strong personal, highly irrational, emotional component.

    And all our decisions will always remain partly irrational, because we are human beings.

Now For Some Sentiment

After all this dull pseudo-statistical stuff, shall we turn to some old-fashioned irrational emotional maybe even blatantly sentimental sounds? Just for a little comfort and relief?

    Here is, straight from the Heavens where he resides since 1995, the Portuguese fado singer Manuel de Almeida with his song Eu Fadista Me Confesso.

Manuel de Almeida


Click the green “Play” button – if it’s missing, install Flash.      
For a full StayOnTop playlist, go to the Music page.
      


 explainer: The word “obrigado” you hear him repeating all the time, means “thank you”.


The Willard Suitcases

Doodle

Maybe like me you’re not only interested in finding immediate solutions for your depression problems. Of course that is important, but maybe like me you appreciate a wider perspective as well. For example by taking a look at the past.

    We cannot just learn from the past. As I happened to illustrate in my previous post, we can also recognize the life and personalities of psychiatric patients from long ago. Their times and situation and treatment (if any) may have been different, but in essence they were people like us, with problems not really different from our own.

    If you share this interest, then here is a remarkable photo project. It’s not just unique: in some respects it’s very touching as well.

From John Crispin's Willard Suitcase photos

What is this photo? It shows some things found in a suitcase.

    When in 1995 the former Willard Asylum for the Insane (Ovid, New York) was closed down, in one of its attics about 400 forgotten suitcases were found. They once had belonged to patients, from the 1920s to the 1960s. The suitcases complete with their contents had been left behind after people died, went back home or were transferred to another place. Rather than discarding all unclaimed suitcases, the staff had carefully kept them in store.

    In 2004, the New York State Museum in Albany opened an exposition showing a few of them: Lost Cases, Recovered Lives: Suitcases from a State Hospital Attic.

    One of the people visiting this exposition was photographer John Crispin. He was fascinated enough to start an ambitious long-term project to carefully photograph everything – all those suitcases and what was in each of them.

One of John Crispin's Willard Suitcase photos

Each one of the suitcases is a kind of time capsule, so each one of Crispin’s suitcase photos is a very specific, detailed, clear document of the past. At the same time his photos show, through the filter of semi-random trivial objects, what’s been left of these patients’ lives.

    Crispin photo’s are respectful, and carefully composed, but they also become more mysterious the longer you look at them, because of all the unanswerable questions that arise, all the untold and perhaps tragic life stories that they suggest.

    When I saw these photos I really felt a strong urge to rummage around in those suitcases myself, to find out more about the people who once arrived in the asylum carrying them.

    I discovered Crispin’s photo project thanks to a recent Slate post by David Rosenberg, who shows some more photos.

    But the best place to go is Jon Crispin’s own blog where he reports about the progress of his Willard Suitcases photo project, with many more photo examples. Do take a look!

    There’s one more question that Crispin’s suitcase photos made me ask myself, and that I want to ask to you now.

    Suppose you were to leave behind one such small suitcase yourself? As a time capsule for your great-grandchildren, to be opened 80 years from now?

    Just a modest little suitcase with some simple small essential things that you would take on a trip, things that may represent you even when you’re long gone yourself: things that will show a glimpse of your life – with the people you loved, the depressions you suffered from, the way you tried to care for yourself, and so on.

    Besides your obvious smartphone (and a battery charger that hopefully will work 80 years from now) what little things would you put in that suitcase?

    Do you see? When you get this far, Crispin’s project may even tell you something about yourself.


Depression & Gender

Doodle

Last week, British psychologist Viren Swami published an interesting research article about how we perceive depression in women and men.

    He took 1200 people and had them read a extensive description of a person with formal (DSM-IV) symptoms of depression. Here, I’ll cite only the first lines:
    “For the past two weeks, Kate/Jack has been feeling really down. S/he wakes up in the morning with a flat, heavy feeling that sticks with her/him all day. S/he isn’t enjoying things the way s/he normally would. In fact, nothing gives her/him pleasure.” (… more in the original)

    All people in the experiment got this same description, with only one difference. 600 people got a Kate, she, her version, about a woman. The other 600 people got the Jack, he, his version: exactly the same text, describing exactly the same symptoms, but now about a man. Everyone was asked to answer some questions about the condition of this “Kate” or of the identical “Jack”.

Woman and ManThe results of this experiment were remarkable in several ways. I’ll name only the two most striking things here.

    In the first place, people who had read the “Kate” text evaluated the person’s psychical condition as more serious than the people who had read the identical “Jack” text. Only 10% of the “Kate” readers concluded that “Kate” had no really serious problems, while 21% of the “Jack” readers concluded that “Jack” (with the very same symptoms) had no really serious problems. People were also much more inclined to say “Kate” should seek help, than in the identical case of “Jack”.

    Secondly, there also were similar differences between the female and the male readers of both texts. Male readers would less often call “Jack” depressed than female readers would. Male readers rated the “Kate” situation as worse (and deserving more sympathy) than the identical situation of “Jack”.

    In the end the researcher (Swami) concludes that clearly, gender stereotypes do still play an important role in how we view, judge, qualify symptoms of depression. A quote from Swami’s conclusions:
    “To the extent that mental illness is inconsistent with notions of hegemonic masculinity that stress toughness and strength, respondents may be less likely to view men with symptoms of depression as suffering from a mental health disorder and, consequently, may adopt less positive attitudes toward such persons. The ways in which men relate to dominant forms of masculinity thus appear to impact on their mental health-related conceptions and attitudes.

Manly?    What Swami in fact concludes is that, due to gender bias and role stereotypes, people may more often fail to recognize a major depression in a man than in a woman. And that males may more often fail to recognize it in themselves. And that one of the results may be that men will be less inclined to seek help when in fact they do need it.

    My own comment: as so often, this academic research only confirms what many of us may already have guessed. But I still find it interesting to see that instinctive feeling confirmed by a research experiment.


 tip: There is no actual lesson to be drawn here, except perhaps that from time to time we should remind ourselves that depression in a man can be just as bad as depression in a woman In other words, that a major depression should not be dismissed as “unmanly behavior”.

• footnote 1: This post was about the research article Mental Health Literacy of Depression: Gender Differences and Attitudinal Antecedents in a Representative British Sample by Viren Swami (Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London), published November 2012 in the online peer-reviewed journal PloS ONE.
    Full text of the research article: PloS ONE: Mental Health Literacy of Depression.

• footnote 2: The half-woman-half-man picture was derived from one of the wonderful pictures in the gallery Drag Queens: Men’s Faces As Half Women & Half Men, posted August 2012 by John Selby in the Urban lOl blog site.


The Hat of Narcissistic Depression

The Hat


(click the green “Play” button – if it does not work, install Flash)


Want to Sabotage Psychotherapy?

DoodleThere are many ways to sabotage, blow up, completely ruin your psychotherapy before even giving it a chance to start properly. One of the best and most popular ways to do so is viewing your therapist (even before you’ve actually met him or her) as someone threatening you, threatening the status quo, threatening to destruct the core of your personality.

    In other words, you tend to see your therapist as someone to be afraid of. So consciously or subconsciously, you prepare for a therapy session as for a defensive fight:

Training For Psychotherapy

Last week, psychologist Ryan Howes wrote a nice satirical post at Psychology Today: Seven Mistakes Therapy Clients Make – How to sabotage your therapy. He suggested not just one, but seven common ways to make sure your therapy will fail:

    1. Rush to Choose;
    2. Don’t Ask;
    3. Lie/Withhold/Downplay/Avoid/Obfuscate;
    4. Communicate through hints, riddles, gestures, or tokens;
    5. Triangulate;
    6. Compartmentalize;
    7. Vanish.

What exactly does he mean with all this? Well, I’m not going to rewrite or rephrase Howes’ thoughts here. Please do read his full post to learn more about these seven brilliant strategies to achieve total therapeutic failure!

    Just let me add that the same Ryan Howes also has a post at Psychology Today that is not satirical but serious: 21 Tips for Clients in Psychotherapy – What should you talk about in therapy? I suggest you read this post by him as well. Maybe you’ll find some points there worth considering.

    One important thing that Howes didn’t go into, was the obvious (but also potentially painful) question of exactly why we would sometimes want to sabotage our own therapy. There are several different answers possible here. To highlight just three of them:

    One reason may be just plain conservatism or lack of energy: you’re afraid of any kind of change, or you feel not up to trying something new.

    Another reason may be an irrational fear to lose your identity: if you got used to define yourself primarily as “a person suffering from depression” and a therapist would take away that depression, then what would you be left with? An empty shell?

But How?

Yet another reason, often suggested by so-called evolutionary psychologists, may be a subconscious fear that with a successful therapy you might lose not just the nasty effects of your depression, but also some perceived perks of depression (like not having to work, or having a valid excuse to withdraw from company).

    I’ll get back to this in a future post about those “perks” of depression: for this is a subject that deserves a honest discussion in its own right. Anyway I feel that much of this is based on misunderstanding. Those “perks” are misunderstood by others (who sometimes may wrongly think we simulate depression as a kind of excuse, while in fact we are really and involuntarily suffering from it). But they are also often misunderstood by ourselves (when we tend to accept such “perks” while in fact we should reject them as negative, destructive temptations inherent to depression).

    To get back to the question why we might feel inclined to sabotage psychotherapy: what is the best general answer? I guess the basic cause is fear: any kind of fear that successful therapy might take away something we cannot afford to lose. And if you try to think rationally about this, you’ll come to the conclusion that such fear is nonsense.

 

The well-known folk singer Melanie (Melanie Safka, do take a look at her official Melanie website) once sarcastically criticized old-fashioned Freudian therapy in her song Psychotherapy. Not coincidentally she borrowed her tune from the Battle Hymn of the Republic: this is indeed a battle song, fighting psychotherapy.

    Sure, there is truth in some of Melanie’s biting comments. But frankly, I myself cannot help wondering: was she perhaps also singing about her own irrational fear of psychotherapy? Judge for yourself.

Melanie


(click the “Play” button – if it does not work, install Flash)


 tip: It really makes no sense to sabotage your own therapy. Ask yourself if you see your therapist as someone to be afraid of, as some kind of adversary. Does your therapy feel like a fight instead of the joint effort it should be?
    If the answer is yes, then something is wrong. Now ask yourself: why? Of course you may simply have chosen the wrong therapist. But maybe it’s just your own attitude? Try to see your therapist not as a threat, but as someone who’s trying to help you.

• footnote 1 : The “Training For Psychotherapy” image showing Rorona Zoro: with credits to Nemesis X at the Killermovies.com Forum.
• footnote 2 : The “Sure I want to fight” image: adapted from a 1950s Cold War poster, original text was “Sure I want to fight Communism – but how?”


You’re a Wreck

DoodleLong ago, before depression hit you, you were fine. Depression turned you into this immobilized, burnt-out wreck. You are beyond repair. Kaput! Ripe for the scrap yard.

If you once were a precious Ferrari, this is how you feel now:

Burnt Ferrari

Yes, this is a total disaster.

    But is it true? Or is your depression you showing an image that is much blacker than reality? Is depression deceiving you with this feeling of final, definitive, irreversible kaput-ness? Making things much worse than they are, worse than they need to be?

    Maybe you’re an immobilized Ferrari, but not a total wreck. Maybe you’re a Ferrari that does not run anymore, yes, but just because of a broken ignition wire. Or simply because you’ve run out of gas.

    So maybe the real image, the one your depression keeps you from seeing, should look more like this:

Out-of-Gas Ferrari

Sorry for my clumsy cut-and-paste job. But I hope you get the point: maybe you should stop thinking about that scrap yard, and try to get yourself a mechanic. Or call someone to fill your tank. Who knows? Maybe with a little help, you’ll get yourself going again.

    Of course we all know it can be very unpleasant when people underestimate our actual problems. We’ve all encountered them: people who’ve never been through a bad depression themselves, and who think they can cheerfully talk you out of it in no time. I’ve written about them before – I call such people “The Smilies”. Smilies can be irritating (or even depressing) when they leave you with the feeling that they don’t understand you, that they don’t take you seriously.

    On the other hand, if people try to tell us that our problems are easier to repair than we think, should we always assume they’re wrong? Maybe once in a while they’re right! Maybe it is possible to get ourselves going again! Maybe we should try to follow their advice, even when from our black-tarred depression perspective it sounds like an oversimple, naive idea!

    Depression often makes us refuse help, or reject a simple good suggestion to try and do something. Depression makes us think nothing can help: because we see ourselves as a wreck, we feel it’s too late for help anyway.

    It’s good to remind yourself that when people tell you your situation is not completely hopeless, they may be right. When depression is blackening your view, someone else may see things clearer than you.

Now it’s up to you. Make a call. Or take a walk.

    The very first little step you take, already proves that you’re not completely immobilized yet: so you’re not a wreck.



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Today In History:

Arthur Conan DoyleMay 22, 1859 –
Birth date of Arthur Conan Doyle, the Scottish physician and writer who in his popular stories (from 1887 to 1927) created the best known detective ever: the sharply observing and deducing Sherlock Holmes.
   Doyle profiled Sherlock Holmes as an obvious bipolar character, with both manic-active and depressed-lethargic episodes. In the stories, Holmes keeps trying to overcome his periodic depressions by playing the violin (sometimes), smoking (frequently) and using cocaine (as a real addict).
   Portrayed in this way, Doyle's Sherlock Holmes probably was the first popular fiction character suffering from frequent depressions.

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